① The energy stored per unit volume (volumetric heat storage density) is high, meaning that the system stores as much energy as possible.
② Has good load regulation performance. When using energy storage systems, it is necessary to adjust the amount of energy released according to the requirements of the energy user. The performance of load regulation determines the quality of system performance.
③ Energy storage efficiency should be high. Energy storage cannot be achieved without energy transfer and conversion technology, so energy storage systems do not require excessive driving force and can receive and release energy at maximum rates. At the same time, minimize losses such as leakage, evaporation, and friction during energy storage, and maintain high energy storage efficiency.
④ Low system cost and reliable long-term operation.